Випуски $\rightarrow$ Том 24, випуск 1 (2023)

Від ніклевої руди до наночастинок Ni в процесі екстраґування: властивості та застосування

Ф. Бахфі$^1$, А. Манаф$^2$, В. Астуті$^1$, Ф. Нурджаман$^1$, Е. Прасетйо$^{1,3}$, Є. Тріапріані$^1$, Д. Сусанті$^4$

$^1$Дослідницький центр технології гірничих робіт, Національна аґенція досліджень та інновацій Індонезії, Південний Лампунґ, 35361 Лампунґ, Індонезія
$^2$Кафедра фізики, факультет математики та науки, Університет Індонезія, 16424 Депок, Західна Ява, Індонезія
 $^3$Кафедра хімічної технології, Норвезький університет науки і технологій, 7491 Тронгейм, Норвегія
 $^4$Кафедра металурґії та матеріалознавства, Факультет промислових технічних засобів та системотехніки, Технологічний інститут Десятого листопада, 60111 Сурабая, Східна Ява, Індонезія

Отримано 31.05.2022; остаточна версія — 31.01.2023 Завантажити PDF logo PDF

Анотація
Латеритова ніклева руда — мінеральна гірська порода, що містить залізоніклеві оксидні сполуки. Однією з технологій перероблення, запропонованої для оброблення руди, є процес Карона. Загалом процес Карона поєднує пірометалурґійну та гідрометалурґійну стадії. На пірометалурґійній стадії руду, змішану з відновником, нагрівають до 1800 °C у ротаційній обпалювальній електричній печі для перетворення оксиду залізоніклю в залізоніклевий стоп. На гідрометалурґійній стадії нікель селективно розчиняється за допомогою розчину (лужного) аміаку. Подальший процес спрямовано на виділення й очищення ніклю в розчині аміаку за допомогою екстракції розчинником та осадження. До недоліків пірометалурґійної стадії в процесі Карона можна віднести високу енергомісткість, низьку економічну цінність і технічні проблеми, такі як частково розтоплений матеріал, що заважає подальшому процесу. Перебуваючи на гідрометалурґійній стадії, широке використання аміаку спричиняє вплив на навколишнє середовище. Для вирішення завдань пірометалурґійної стадії пропонується селективне відновлення. Селективне відновлення — це процес, що сприяє утворенню оксиду заліза для одержання високого вмісту ніклю в проміжному продукті з меншим споживанням енергії. До руди додають добавку для селективного пониження вмісту ніклю та пониження температури реакції. Задля вирішення впливу аміаку на навколишнє середовище пропонується нова та безпечніша хімічна речовина в якості заміни — глутамат Натрію. Як альтернативу методу Карона пропонується селективне відновлення в поєднанні з лужним вилуговуванням за допомогою глутамату Натрію. Далі використовується осадження для очищення ніклю, що приводить до одержання наночастинок Ni з чистотою у 90–95 мас.%.

Ключові слова: латерит, метод Карона, очищення, синтез, наночастинки ніклю.

Citation: F. Bahfie, A. Manaf, W. Astuti, F. Nurjaman, E. Prasetyo, Ye. Triapriani, and D. Susanti, From Nickel Ore to Ni Nanoparticles in the Extraction Process: Properties and Application, Progress in Physics of Metals, 24, No. 1: 173–196 (2023); https://doi.org/10.15407/ufm.24.01.173

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