Issues $\rightarrow$ Volume 24, Issue 4 (2023)

New Approach for Manufacturing Ti–6Al–4V+40%TiC Metal-Matrix Composites by 3D Printing Using Conic Electron Beam and Cored Wire. Pt. 1: Main Features of the Process, Microstructure Formation and Basic Characteristics of 3D Printed Material

P. E. Markovsky$^{1}$, D. V. Kovalchuk$^{2}$, S. V. Akhonin$^{3}$, S. L. Schwab$^{3}$, D. G. Savvakin$^{1}$, O. O. Stasiuk$^{1}$, D. V. Oryshych$^{1}$, D. V. Vedel$^{4}$, M. A. Skoryk$^{1}$, and V. P. Tkachuk$^{2}$

$^1$G. V. Kurdyumov Institute for Metal Physics of the N.A.S. of Ukraine, 36 Acad. Vernadsky Boulevard, UA-03142 Kyiv, Ukraine
$^2$JSC NVO ‘Chervona Hvylya’, 28 Dubrovitska Str., UA-04114 Kyiv, Ukraine
$^3$E. O. Paton Electric Welding Institute of the N.A.S. of Ukraine, 11, Kazymyr Malevych Str., UA-03150 Kyiv, Ukraine
$^4$I. M. Frantsevych Institute for Problems of Materials Science of the N.A.S. of Ukraine, 3 Omeljan Pritsak Str., UA-03142 Kyiv, Ukraine

Received 25.08.2023; final version — 30.10.2023 Download PDF logo PDF

Abstract
In this paper, a new approach for additive manufacturing metal-matrix composites based on Ti–6Al–4V titanium alloy reinforced with titanium carbide particles, as well as layered structures consisted of such composite and Ti–6Al–4V alloy layers is considered. The approach is based on 3D printing with a conical electron beam using a special cored wire, whose composition corresponds to metal-matrix composite. The issues of production such a wire, the features of the 3D printing process, when using it, as well as the features of formation of the microstructure and phase composition of the printed composite material are described. The issues of titanium-carbide particles’ wetting with Ti–6Al–4V melt during process of 3D printing, as well as possible thermogravitational effects (floating or drowning) for solid TiC particles within the melt are considered in detail with additional experiments. The influence of individual components of the wire composition on the formation of the microstructure and its uniformity over the cross section of the printed layer is shown. The possibility of controlling the formation of homogeneous structural state and obtaining sufficiently high values of the hardness (of above 600 HV) of the metal-matrix composite layer printed on the Ti–6Al–4V baseplate is shown.

Keywords: additive manufacturing, 3D printing, titanium alloys, metal-matrix composite, microstructure, texture, hardness.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.15407/ufm.24.04.715

Citation: P. E. Markovsky, D. V. Kovalchuk, S. V. Akhonin, S. L. Schwab, D. G. Savvakin, O. O. Stasiuk, D. V. Oryshych, D. V. Vedel, M. A. Skoryk, and V. P. Tkachuk, New Approach for Manufacturing Ti–6Al–4V+40%TiC Metal-Matrix Composites by 3D Printing Using Conic Electron Beam and Cored Wire. Pt. 1: Main Features of the Process, Microstructure Formation and Basic Characteristics of 3D Printed Material, Progress in Physics of Metals, 24, No. 4: 715–740 (2023)

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