Issues »  Volume 12, Issue 2

On the Issue of Character of Martensite Formation in Carbon Steels

S. P. Oshkadyorov

G.V. Kurdyumov Institute for Metal Physics, NAS of Ukraine, 36 Academician Vernadsky Blvd., UA-03142 Kyiv, Ukraine

Received: 15.05.2010. Download: PDF

The analysis of features of martensite formation in carbon steels allows assuming that the martensite is the metastable structural constituent arising as a result of diffusionless relaxation of thermoelastic stresses by a shift, which is accompanied by both the simultaneous generation of acoustic waves and the heat-evolution, in an austenite supercooled below the $M_n$ point. A point of beginning of martensite formation, $M_{n}$, under cooling is a temperature, below which the thermoelastic stresses conditioned by the high coefficient of thermal expansion of austenite under quenching are commensurable with elastic properties of austenite cooled to the same temperature. Martensite formation is a phase transition of the second kind that is in a complete agreement with S.S. Shteynberg ideas. It is necessary to distinct the martensites in steels with a carbon and the martensites in carbon-free alloys with the interstitial components. They are similar in genesis, but substantially differ by the mechanism of approaching to the equilibrium state under heating. Reciprocity, presence of hysteresis in direct and reverse transitions, shape memory effect, hyperelasticity etc. are realized everywhere in the substitutional alloys, but in a carbon martensite they are impossible in principle.

Keywords: martensite formation, relaxation of thermoelastic stresses, interstitial and substitutional solid solutions.

PACS: 61.66.Dk, 62.20.fg, 62.80.+f, 64.70.kd, 65.40.De, 81.30.Kf, 83.60.Rs

DOI: https://doi.org/10.15407/ufm.12.02.269

Citation: S. P. Oshkadyorov, On the Issue of Character of Martensite Formation in Carbon Steels, Usp. Fiz. Met., 12, No. 2: 269—293 (2011) (in Russian), doi: 10.15407/ufm.12.02.269

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Cited By (1)
  1. S. I. Gubenko, S. I. Zhuravlyov, N. A. Konovalov, D. A. Lobus et al., Metallofiz. Noveishie Tekhnol. 36, 661 (2016).

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