Issues $\rightarrow$ Volume 23, Issue 2 (2022)

Microstructure of Co–Cr Dental Alloys Manufactured by Casting and 3D Selective Laser Melting

M. O. Vasylyev$^1$, B. M. Mordyuk$^{1,2}$, S. M. Voloshko$^2$, and P. O. Gurin$^3$

$^1$G. V. Kurdyumov Institute for Metal Physics of the N.A.S. of Ukraine, 36 Academician Vernadsky Blvd., UA-03142 Kyiv, Ukraine
 $^2$National Technical University of Ukraine ‘Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute’, 37 Peremohy Ave., UA-03056 Kyiv, Ukraine
 $^3$P. L. Shupyk National Healthcare University of Ukraine, 9 Dorogozhytska Str., UA-04112 Kyiv, Ukraine

Received 25.03.2022; final version — 15.04.2022 Download PDF logo PDF

Abstract
The review analyses the microstructure of the commercial Co–Cr–(Mo, W) dental alloys fabricated by 3D digital selective laser melting (SLM), which is the most promising technique among the emerging additive fabrication technologies used for metal products manufacturing in dentistry. In this regard, the main goal is to compare the microstructures of the metal dental products produced by two currently used technologies, namely, conventional casting and SLM. We consider the latest research published from 2013 to 2022. The microstructures are evaluated using optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (SEM–EDS), x-ray diffractometry (XRD), electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) pattern analysis, and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The microstructure analysis allows concluding whether the SLM fabrication process is suitable for dental applications. As shown, the microstructure of the Co–Cr dental alloys depends on both the chemical composition of the samples and the parameters of the manufacturing technique used. Experimental results have proven that, in contrast to the conventional casting, the SLM-fabricated specimens display superior microstructure due to complete local melting and rapid solidification. Additionally, the SLM process minimizes residual flaws and porosity. As a result, SLM allows producing the dense material comprising homogeneous fine-grain microstructure.

Keywords: additive manufacturing technologies, 3D laser melting, microstructure, Co–Cr alloys, dentistry.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.15407/ufm.23.02.337

Citation: M. O. Vasylyev, B. M. Mordyuk, S. M. Voloshko, and P. O. Gurin, Microstructure of Co–Cr Dental Alloys Manufactured by Casting and 3D Selective Laser Melting, Progress in Physics of Metals, 23, No. 2: 337–359 (2022)

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